Decoding Mood Swings: Causes, Effects, And When To Seek Professional Help

Mood swings refer to rapid and unpredictable changes in one’s emotional state, ranging from feelings of happiness and contentment to anger, irritability, or sadness. These fluctuations can occur over a few hours, days, or even weeks and may significantly impact an individual’s daily behavior, thoughts, and ability to function.   

While mood swings can be a regular part of emotional variability, they may also indicate underlying psychological or physiological conditions when they are severe and persistent.  

Understanding the underlying causes, recognizing their effects, and knowing when to seek professional help are critical steps in effectively managing and treating mood swings. This article aims to shed light on these aspects and the role of mental health professionals and facilities like Jackson House in providing support and treatment.  

Continue reading to learn more.  

The tell-tale signs  

Mood swings are rapid and often unpredictable changes in one’s emotional state. Depending on the individual and the underlying causes, they can manifest in various ways. Here are some common ways mood swings might display:  

• Sudden shifts in emotion: A person might feel happy and content one moment and then suddenly feel sad, irritated, or angry the next without an apparent reason for the change.  
• Intensity of emotions: The emotions felt during a mood swing can be intense, often disproportionate to the situation. For example, a minor inconvenience might trigger a disproportionately strong feeling of frustration or anger.  
• Impact on behavior: Mood swings can affect a person’s behavior. When experiencing a mood swing, an individual might withdraw socially, become less productive, or act out uncharacteristically.  
• Physical symptoms: In some cases, mood swings can be accompanied by physical symptoms such as changes in energy levels, sleep disturbances, or changes in appetite.  
• Frequency and duration: Mood swings can vary significantly in both frequency and duration. Some individuals may experience mood swings several times a day, while others might have them less often. Mood swings can also vary from a few minutes to several hours or even days.  
• Cognitive effects: Mood swings can impact cognitive processes, leading to difficulty concentrating, memory problems, or indecisiveness.  

Recognizing and understanding the manifestation of mood swings is essential in seeking appropriate care and support. If mood swings are severe, frequent, or interfere with daily life, it’s necessary to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.  

Causes of mood swings  

Mood swings can be caused by various factors, ranging from psychological to physiological and lifestyle influences. Here are some of the most common causes:  

• Mental health disorders: Several mental health conditions can cause mood swings. Bipolar disorder is perhaps the most well-known condition associated with severe mood swings, ranging from depressive lows to manic highs. Other conditions like borderline personality disorder, depression, and anxiety disorders can also lead to mood swings.  
• Hormonal changes: Hormones play a significant role in regulating mood. Fluctuations in hormone levels, such as those during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, postpartum period, and menopause, can lead to mood swings. Conditions that affect hormone balance, like thyroid disorders, can also cause mood swings.  
• Substance use and withdrawal: Alcohol, drugs, and even caffeine can affect mood. Substance abuse can lead to significant mood swings, as can withdrawal from these substances.  
• Medications: Certain medications can have side effects that include mood swings. These can consist of prescription drugs such as steroids, antidepressants, and other mood-altering medications. It’s important to discuss potential side effects with a healthcare provider.  
• Stress: High levels of stress can lead to emotional instability and mood swings. It can be due to acute stressors or chronic stress, such as ongoing issues with work, relationships, financial pressures, or health concerns.  
• Diet and nutrition: Nutritional deficiencies (e.g., low levels of vitamin D, B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids) and diet-related issues (such as sugar highs and low caffeine intake) can affect mood stability.  
• Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions can lead to mood swings as a symptom. These include neurological disorders, endocrine disorders (like diabetes or thyroid issues), and chronic illnesses that impact overall health and well-being.  
• Lifestyle factors: Lack of physical activity, poor diet, and not engaging in stress-reducing activities can contribute to mood instability.  

Identifying the underlying cause of mood swings is crucial for managing them effectively. It often involves a combination of medical evaluation, lifestyle adjustments, and sometimes psychological support or therapy. If you or someone you know is experiencing frequent or severe mood swings, it’s essential to seek professional help to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.  

The impact of mood swings  

Mood swings can significantly affect the quality of a person’s life in various ways, impacting their emotional well-being, relationships, work performance, and overall health. Here are some key areas where mood swings can have a profound effect:  

1. Emotional health  

Frequent and intense mood swings can lead to emotional exhaustion and a sense of unpredictability in one’s feelings. It can contribute to feelings of frustration, helplessness, and a lack of control over one son’s life, potentially exacerbating symptoms of anxiety and depression.  

2. Relationships  

Mood swings can strain relationships with family, friends, and partners. The unpredictability of mood changes can make it difficult for others to understand and respond appropriately, leading to misunderstandings, conflicts, and tension in relationships. It can also lead to social withdrawal or isolation, as individuals may feel embarrassed or overwhelmed by their emotional volatility.  

3. Work and school performance  

The impact of mood swings on concentration, motivation, and energy levels can significantly affect performance at work or school. Individuals may need help to meet deadlines, maintain productivity, or engage positively with colleagues and classmates, potentially leading to job loss or academic underachievement.  

4. Physical health  

There’s a strong connection between emotional and physical health. Chronic mood swings can lead to physical symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, and sleep disturbances. Additionally, the stress associated with managing unpredictable emotions can contribute to a range of health issues, including heart disease, hypertension, and a weakened immune system.  

5. Lifestyle choices  

Mood swings can influence lifestyle choices, leading to poor decision-making in areas such as diet, exercise, and substance use. For example, individuals might turn to alcohol, drugs, or unhealthy eating habits to self-medicate or cope with their emotional instability.  

6. Self-esteem and self-image  

Frequent mood swings can affect how individuals perceive themselves, potentially leading to low self-esteem and a negative self-image. The fear of being unable to control one’s emotions can lead to feelings of inadequacy and a lack of confidence.  

7. Enjoyment of life and activities  

The unpredictability of mood swings can diminish a person’s ability to enjoy life and participate in activities they once found pleasurable. It can lead to decreased overall life satisfaction and missing out on personal and meaningful experiences.  

Addressing mood swings requires a comprehensive approach. Managing mood swings effectively can significantly improve quality of life, enhancing emotional stability, interpersonal relationships, and overall well-being.  

Where to seek help with mood swings  

Seeking help with mood swings involves contacting professionals equipped to diagnose and treat underlying causes. Depending on your situation, there are several places to seek help: 

1. Primary care provider (PCP) or general practitioner (GP) 

Your PCP or GP is a good starting point for discussing mood swings. They can perform an initial evaluation, rule out any physical health issues that may be contributing to your mood swings, and provide referrals to mental health specialists if needed. 

2. Psychiatrists 

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialize in diagnosing and treating mental health disorders. They can prescribe medication if necessary and provide therapy for conditions like bipolar disorder, depression, and anxiety, which can all cause mood swings. 

3. Psychologists and licensed therapists 

Psychologists, counselors, and therapists can provide therapy and counseling services. They can help you understand the root causes of your mood swings and develop coping strategies. Techniques may include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), or other forms of psychotherapy. 

4. Mental health clinics 

Facilities like Jackson House offer specialized care for individuals experiencing mood swings. Clinics provide various services, including counseling, therapy, and sometimes psychiatric care, often on a sliding scale based on income. 

5. Hospitals 

In cases of severe mood swings or if there is a risk of harm to oneself or others, seeking help from a hospital’s emergency department or a psychiatric unit can provide immediate assistance and safety. 

6. Support groups 

Both in-person and online support groups can offer comfort and advice from others who have experienced similar issues. While not a substitute for professional treatment, support groups can provide additional emotional support and coping strategies. 

7. Telehealth services 

Many healthcare providers now offer telehealth services, allowing you to consult with a professional via phone or video. It can be beneficial if you have limited access to in-person care due to location, mobility, or scheduling constraints. 

8. Team member assistance programs 

If employed, your workplace may offer an EAP, which provides confidential access to mental health counseling and referrals at no cost to the team member. 

9. School counselors and college health centers 

School counselors and health centers at colleges or universities can be valuable resources for addressing mood swings and related mental health concerns for students. 

When seeking help, being honest about your symptoms and concerns is essential. Finding the proper professional or service might take time, but getting the appropriate support is crucial for managing mood swings and improving your quality of life. 

Conclusion  

Mood swings, while common, can signal underlying issues that need attention. Individuals can take significant steps towards improving their emotional health by understanding their causes, recognizing their effects, and knowing when to seek professional help. Whether through therapy, lifestyle changes, or medication, there is hope for those struggling with mood swings to achieve a more stable and fulfilling life.